THIS SITE USES THE CHARACTER ENCODING WINDOWS 1250
FORZUNI E PAYANE E HIZVA E MASNUYE
ZEVONE NAUTEVI O ASANTEVI ANTARMELATISI
THE
NEWEST & EASIEST INTERNATIONAL LANGUAGE
G R A M M A R
N O U N S
Euransi(an)
nouns don't distinguish a grammatical gender, and articles are
used very seldom, in this international constructed language.
There are endings -n,
-am & -ho for all substantives & adjectives,
and possessive particle -i
or -yi. They are used almost only with a possessive
pronoun - never instead of the genitive particle e. The case particles are very close to prepositions, and
they are used separately.
SINGULAR & PLURAL
nation | melati [melati:] | a nation | melatin [melatin] | nations |
year | sâle [sA:le] | a year | sâlen [sA:len] | years |
law | tora [to:ra] | a law | toran [to:ran] | laws |
spirit | ravân [ravA:n] | a spirit | ravânam [ravA:nam] | spirits |
body | sarke [sarke:] | a body | sarken [sarken] | bodies |
newspaper | ruzname [ru:zname] | a newspaper | ruznamen [ru:znamen] | newspapers |
human being | ademi [ademi:] | a human being | ademin [ademin] | people |
CASE PARTICLES
CASE | EXAMPLE (sg.) | TRANSLATION (sg.) | EXAMPLE (pl.) | TRANSLATION (pl.) |
nominative | dârya | sea | dâryan / -ho | seas |
genitive | e dârya | of sea | e dâryan / -ho | of seas |
dative | be dârya | to(wards) sea | be dâryan / -ho | to(wards) seas |
accusative | ru dârya | (the) sea | ru dâryan / -ho | (the) seas |
instrumental | a dârya | by sea | a dâryan / -ho | by seas |
A D J E C T I V E S
COMPARISON + | POSITIVE | KOMPARATIVE + | SUPERLATIVE + |
good thing (1) | reza e behine | reza e behtar | reza e behtevi |
good thing (2) | reza e behine | reza e bištar behine | reza e daksar behine |
COMPARISON - | POSITIVE | KOMPARATIVE - | SUPERLATIVE - |
good thing | reza e behine | reza e komtar behine | reza e hurtar behine |
P R O N O U N S
1st sg | 2nd sg | 3rd sg | 1st pl | 2nd pl | 3rd pl | |
PERSONAL (S) | me | te | he | ne | ve | de |
PERSONAL (O) | mey | tey | hey | ney | vey | dey |
POSSESSIVE (1) | -i mey | -i tey | -i hey | -i ney | -i vey | -i dey |
POSSESSIVE (2) | e mey | e tey | e hey | e ney | e vey | e dey |
POSSESSIVE (3) | -yam1) | -yat | -yaš | -yan | -van | -dan |
POSSESSIVE (4) | metür | tetür | hetür | netür | vetür | detür |
POSSESSIVE (5) | mën | tën | hën | nën | vën | dën |
1) Nouns with plural suffix -am: ravân = spirit, ravânam = spirits, ravânëm = my spirit, ravânamëm = my spirits.
OTHER PRONOUNS
EURANSI | ENGLISH | CZECH |
ar ['ar] | this / that | ten |
vehi [veh\i] | this | tento |
vehin [veh\in] | these | tito |
vohu [voh\u] | that | tamten |
vohun [voh\un] | those | tamti |
ensur ['ensu:r] | such | takový |
müslün [m1sl1n] | the same | (ten)týž |
har [h\ar] | each, every | každý |
harva [h\arva] | whole; all | celý, vše(chen) |
ci [tSi] | what | co |
še [Se] | who | kdo |
ši [Si] | what | co |
barxey [barxej] | some | nějaký, některý |
hürford [h\1rfort] | somebody, someone | někdo |
rezahür [rezah\1r] | something | něco |
hargün [h\arg1n] | any | jakýkoli(v), kterýkoli(v) |
harsür [h\ars1r] | anybody, anyone | kdokoli(v) |
hardür [h\ard1r] | anything | cokoli(v) |
hickey [h\itSkej] | none | žádný, nijaký |
hicford [h\itSfort] | nobody | nikdo |
hictür [h\itSt1r] | nothing | nic |
sac [satS] | such | takový |
hâniye [h\A:nije] | the same | (ten)týž |
sarva [sarva] | each, every | každý |
vispa [vi:spa] | each, every | každý |
kol [kol] | whole; all | celý, vše(chen) |
harva [harva] | whole | celý |
ce [tSe] | who | kdo |
vad [vat] | what | co |
šaviye [Savi:je] | what a; which, what kind | jaký |
dahiye [dah\i:je] | which | který; jenž |
ceture [tSetu:re] | which | který; jenž |
key [kej] | which | který; jenž |
qe [Ge] | which | který; jenž |
šetrine [Setrine] | which | který; jenž |
cehiye [tSeh\i:je] | whose | čí |
cehresi [tSeh\resi:] | whose | čí |
suhdiye [su:h\dije] | some | nějaký, některý |
suhdan [su:h\dan] | somebody | někdo |
suhdaw [su:h\daw] | someone | někdo |
suhdad [su:h\dad] | something | něco |
vohdiye [voh\di:je] | any | jakýkoli(v), kterýkoli(v) |
vohdan [voh\dan] | anybody | kdokoli(v) |
vohdaw [voh\daw] | anyone | kdokoli(v) |
vohdad [voh\dad] | anything | cokoli(v) |
nahdiye [nah\di:je] | none | žádný, nijaký |
nahdan [nah\dan] | nobody | nikdo |
nahdaw [nah\daw] | no one | nikdo |
nahdad [nah\dad] | nothing | nic |
se(y) [se(j)] | (one)self | se, si |
mekum [me:kum] | with me | se mnou |
tekum [te:kum] | with you {sg.} | s tebou |
hekum [h\e:kum] | with him | s ním |
nekum [ne:kum] | with us | s námi |
vekum [ve:kum] | with you | s vámi |
dekum [de:kum] | with them | s nimi |
medir [me:dir] | in me | ve mně |
tedir [te:dir] | in you {sg.} | v tobě |
hedir [h\e:dir] | in him | v něm |
nedir [ne:dir] | in us | v nás |
vedir [ve:dir] | in you | ve vás |
dedir [de:dir] | in them | v nich |
mesuye [mesu:je] | to me | ke mně |
tesuye [tesu:je] | to you {sg.} | k tobě |
hesuye [h\esu:je] | to him | k němu |
nesuye [nesu:je] | to us | k nám |
vesuye [vesu:je] | to you | k vám |
desuye [desu:je] | to them | k nim |
mesine [me:sine] | without me | beze mne |
tesine [te:sine] | without you {sg.} | bez tebe |
hesine [h\e:sine] | without him | bez něj / něho |
nesine [ne:sine] | without us | bez nás |
vesine [ve:sine] | without you | bez vás |
desine [de:sine] | without them | bez nich |
birmey [birmej] | on me | na mně |
birtey [birtej] | on you {sg.} | na tobě |
birhey [birh\ej] | on him | na něm |
birney [birnej] | on us | na nás |
birvey [birvej] | on you | na vás |
birdey [birdej] | on them | na nich |
merâ [merA:] | from me | ode mne |
terâ [terA:] | from you {sg.} | od tebe |
herâ [h\erA:] | from him | od něj / něho |
nerâ [nerA:] | from us | od nás |
verâ [verA:] | from you | od vás |
derâ [derA:] | from them | od nich |
ADDITIONAL PRONOUNS (2002)
Case | 1st sg | 2nd sg | 3rd sg | 1st pl | 2nd pl | 3rd pl |
NOMINATIVE | me | te | he | ne | ve | de |
GENITIVE | meye | teye | heye | neye | veye | deye |
DATIVE | beme | bete | behe | bene | beve | bede |
ACCUSATIVE | meru | teru | heru | neru | veru | deru |
LOCATIVE | yame | yate | yahe | yane | yave | yade |
INSTRUMENTAL | meya | teya | heya | neya | veya | deya |
ABLATIVE | rame | rate | rahe | rane | rave | rade |
A R T I C L E S
ha [h\a] | the |
ai [a:j] | a(n) |
N U M E R A L S
NUMERAL | CARDINAL | ORDINAL | GENERIC | MULTIPLICATION |
0 | sëfra [s@\fra] | sëfrasi | sëfrasiyan | sëfrajayim |
1 | aiva ['ajva] | aivasi | aivasiyan | aivajayim |
2 | deva [de:va] | devasi | devasiyan | devajayim |
3 | terya [terja] | teryasi | teryasiyan | teryajayim |
4 | cahra [tSah\ra] | cahrasi | cahrasiyan | cahrajayim |
5 | penta [penta] | pentasi | pentasiyan | pentajayim |
6 | šena [Se:na] | šenasi | šenasiyan | šenajayim |
7 | septa [septa] | septasi | septasiyan | septajayim |
8 | hašta [h\aSta] | haštasi | haštasiyan | haštajayim |
9 | neva [ne:va] | nevasi | nevasiyan | nevajayim |
10 | dahma [dah\ma] | dahmasi | dahmasiyan | dahmajayim |
11 | aivasta ['a:jvasta] | aivastasi | aivastasiyan | aivastajayim |
12 | devasta [de:vasta] | devastasi | devastasiyan | devastajayim |
13 | teryasta [terjasta] | teryastasi | teryastasiyan | teryastajayim |
14 | cahrasta [tSah\rasta] | cahrastasi | cahrastasiyan | cahrastajayim |
15 | pentasta [pentasta] | pentastasi | pentastasiyan | pentastajayim |
16 | šenasta [Se:nasta] | šenastasi | šenastasiyan | šenastajayim |
17 | septasta [septasta] | septastasi | septastasiyan | septastajayim |
18 | haštasta [h\aStasta] | haštastasi | haštastasiyan | haštastajayim |
19 | nevasta [ne:vasta] | nevastasi | nevastasiyan | nevastajayim |
20 | devakma [de:vakma] | devakmasi | devakmasiyan | devakmajayim |
30 | teryakma [terjakma] | teryakmasi | teryakmasiyan | teryakmajayim |
40 | cahrakma [tSah\rakma] | cahrakmasi | cahrakmasiyan | cahrakmajayim |
50 | pentakma [pentakma] | pentakmasi | pentakmasiyan | pentakmajayim |
60 | šenakma [Se:nakma] | šenakmasi | šenakmasiyan | šenakmajayim |
70 | septakma [septakma] | septakmasi | septakmasiyan | septakmajayim |
80 | haštakma [h\aStakma] | haštakmasi | haštakmasiyan | haštakmajayim |
90 | nevakma [ne:vakma] | nevakmasi | nevakmasiyan | nevakmajayim |
97 | nevakma-septa | nevakma-septasi | nevakma-septasiyan | nevakma-septajayim |
100 | satma [satma] | satmasi | satmasiyan | satmajayim |
1 000 | hezra [hezra] | hezrasi | hezrasiyan | hezrajayim |
1 000 000 | šastra [Sastra] | šastrasi | šastrasiyan | šastrajayim |
1 milliard | melyâre [meljA:re] | melyâresi | melyâresiyan | melyârejayim |
Cardinal: 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 • Ordinal: 0. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. • Generic: 0n 1n 2n3n 4n 5n 6n 7n 8n 9n •
Multiplication: 0× 1× 2×
3× 4× 5× 6× 7× 8× 9×
V E R B S
a) Irregular verb H A S T E N = to be :
PAST TENSE | bâd [bA:t] |
PRESENT TENSE | âst [A:st] |
FUTURE TENSE | arv [arf] |
INFINITIVE MOOD | hasten [h\asten] |
CONJUNCTIVE MOOD | bâye [bA:je] |
CONDITIONAL MOOD | vedam bâd [ve:dam bA:d] |
IMPERATIVE MOOD | bud [bu:t] |
PAST TRANSGRESSIVE | bâde [bA:de] |
PRESENT TRANSGRESSIVE | hasta [h\asta] |
FUTURE TRANSGRESSIVE | aresta [aresta] |
VERBAL NOUN | haste [h\aste] |
b) Irregular verb N I S T E N = not to be :
PAST TENSE | navad [navat] |
PRESENT TENSE | nist [ni:st] |
FUTURE TENSE | narv [narf] |
INFINITIVE MOOD | nisten [ni:sten] |
CONJUNCTIVE MOOD | naye [naje] |
CONDITIONAL MOOD | vedam navad [ve:dam navat] |
IMPERATIVE MOOD | nabud [nabu:t] |
PAST TRANSGRESSIVE | navâde [navA:de] |
PRESENT TRANSGRESSIVE | nista [ni:sta] |
FUTURE TRANSGRESSIVE | naresta [na:resta] |
VERBAL NOUN | niste [ni:ste] |
c) Irregular verb D Â R E N = to have :
PAST TENSE | dârad [dA:rat] |
PRESENT TENSE | dârid [dA:ri:t] |
FUTURE TENSE | kuham dârid [ku:h\am dA:ri:t] |
INFINITIVE MOOD | dâren [dA:ren] |
CONJUNCTIVE MOOD | bedâre [bedA:re] |
CONDITIONAL MOOD | vedam dârad [ve:dam dA:rat] |
IMPERATIVE MOOD | dârevü [dA:rev:] |
PAST TRANSGRESSIVE | dâraya [dA:raja] |
PRESENT TRANSGRESSIVE | midâra [midA:ra] |
FUTURE TRANSGRESSIVE | dârarva [dA:rarva] |
VERBAL NOUN | dašte [daSte] |
d) Irregular verb N A D Â R E N = not to have :
PAST TENSE | nadârad [nadA:rat] |
PRESENT TENSE | nadârid [nadA:ri:t] |
FUTURE TENSE | kuham nadârid [ku:h\am nadA:ri:t] |
INFINITIVE MOOD | nadâren [nadA:ren] |
CONJUNCTIVE MOOD | nadâre [nadA:re] |
CONDITIONAL MOOD | vedam nadârad [ve:dam nadA:rat] |
IMPERATIVE MOOD | nadârevü [nadA:rev:] |
PAST TRANSGRESSIVE | nadâraya [nadA:raja] |
PRESENT TRANSGRESSIVE | namidâra [namidA:ra] |
FUTURE TRANSGRESSIVE | nadârarva [nadA:rarva] |
VERBAL NOUN | nadašte [na:daSte] |
e) Regular verb K I R D E N = to do / make :
PAST TENSE | kirdad [kirdat] |
PRESENT TENSE | kirdid [kirdi:t] |
FUTURE TENSE | kuham kird [ku:h\am kirt] |
INFINITIVE MOOD | kirden [kirde:n] |
CONJUNCTIVE MOOD | bekirde [bekirde] |
CONDITIONAL MOOD | vedam kirdad [ve:dam kirdat] |
IMPERATIVE MOOD | kirdevü [kirdev:] |
PAST TRANSGRESSIVE | kirdaya [kirdaja] |
PRESENT TRANSGRESSIVE | mikirda [mi:kirda] |
FUTURE TRANSGRESSIVE | kirdarva [kirdarva] |
VERBAL NOUN | kirde [kirde] |
PAST PARTICIPLE ACTIVE | kirdime [kirdime:] |
PRESENT PARTICIPLE ACTIVE | mikirdavi [mi:kirdavi:] |
FUTURE PARTICIPLE ACTIVE | kirdari [kirdari:] |
PAST PARTICIPLE PASSIVE | kirdiye [kirdi:je] |
PRESENT PARTICIPLE PASSIVE | kirdasi [kirdasi:] |
FUTURE PARTICIPLE PASSIVE | kirdarsi [kirdarsi:] |
f) Regular verb N A K I R D E N = not to do / make :
PAST TENSE | nakirdad [na:kirdat] |
PRESENT TENSE | nakirdid [na:kirdi:t] |
FUTURE TENSE | kuham nakird [ku:h\am na:kirt] |
INFINITIVE MOOD | nakirden [na:kirde:n] |
CONJUNCTIVE MOOD | nakirde [na:kirde] |
CONDITIONAL MOOD | vedam nakirdad [ve:dam na:kirdat] |
IMPERATIVE MOOD | nakirdevü [na:kirdev:] |
PAST TRANSGRESSIVE | nakirdaya [na:kirdaja] |
PRESENT TRANSGRESSIVE | namikirda [nami:kirda] |
FUTURE TRANSGRESSIVE | nakirdarva [na:kirdarva] |
VERBAL NOUN | nakirde [na:kirde] |
PAST PARTICIPLE ACTIVE | nakirdime [na:kirdime:] |
PRESENT PARTICIPLE ACTIVE | nakirdavi [na:kirdavi:] |
FUTURE PARTICIPLE ACTIVE | nakirdari [na:kirdari:] |
PAST PARTICIPLE PASSIVE | nakirdiye [na:kirdi:je] |
PRESENT PARTICIPLE PASSIVE | nakirdasi [na:kirdasi:] |
FUTURE PARTICIPLE PASSIVE | nakirdarsi [na:kirdarsi:] |
CHOSEN REGULAR VERBS
masten [maste:n] | to have to / must | muset |
sidren [sidre:n] | to see | vidět |
moren [mo:ren] | to be allowed / may | moci, smět |
nayzen [najze:n] | to need | potřebovat |
danen [da:nen] | to know | znát, umět, vědět |
šaven [Saven] | to become / happen | stát se |
istoden [isto:den] | to stay | zůstat |
holden [h\olden] | to hold | držet |
seden [seden] | to sit | sedět |
sabren [sabre:n] | to wait | čekat |
fekren [fekren] | to think | myslet |
raven [rave:n] | to go | jet |
cališen [tSa:liSen] | to change | (z)měnit |
omaren [omare:n] | to speak | mluvit |
islemen [islemen] | to want | chtít |
skriven [skriven] | to write | psát |
ivasen [ivasen] | to drink | pít |
kurden [kurde:n] | to eat | jíst |
fyâden [fjA:den] | to walk | jít |
giren [giren] | to give | dá(va)t |
soven [soven] | to sleep | spát |
gišten [giSte:n] | to get | dostat |
parzen [parze:n] | to come | přijít, přicházet |
yâršen [jA:rSen] | to forgive | prominout |
bašen [baSe:n] | to exist | být, existovat |
lamsen [lamsen] | to feel | (po)cítit |
omiden [omiden] | to hope | doufat |
ahaven [ah\ave:n] | to love | milovat |
ištarken [iStarken] | to meet | setkat / potkat se |
sârayen [sA:rajen] | to praise | chválit, dobrořečit |
soruden [soru:den] | to sing | zpívat |
A D V E R B S
There are two groups of adverbs in Euransi: The regular ones always end with » a « (being created from adjectives: nâv¦isi = new » nâv¦a = newly) & the irregular adverbs end with any other grapheme. We can cautiously compare both adverbial groups:
positive: nâva [nA:va] = newly {adj new}
comparative: nâvanta [nA:vanta]
or bištar nâva [biStar nA:va]
superlative: nâvarsa [nA:varsa]
or daksar nâva [daksar nA:va]
zeyâd [zejA:d] | also, too | také, rovněž, též |
pritaka [pri:taka] | apart, separately | odděleně |
hira [h\ira] | here | zde, tady |
šetur [Setu:r] | how | jak |
šoyad [So:jad] | maybe, perhaps, possibly | snad, možná, asi, třeba |
ayhuna [ajh\u:na] | only, solely, exclusively | jen, pouze, výhradně, jenom |
vu [vu:] | also, too, as well | i, také, též |
dera [dera:] | there | tam |
faqta [fa:Gta] | only, solely, exclusively | jen, pouze, výhradně, jenom |
partam [pa:rtam] | apart, separately | odděleně |
vohjaya [voh\dZaja] | there | tam |
vehjaya [veh\dZaja] | here | zde, tady |
behema [beh\ema] | together | spolu, dohromady, společně |
hur [h\ur] | how | jak |
van [van] | when | kdy |
var [var] | where | kde |
lama [lama] | why | proč |
larga [larga] | far | daleko |
âfehra [A:feh\ra] | near | blízko |
vaxta [vaxta] | early, premature | časně, unáhleně, brzy, ukvapeně |
nasega [na:sega] | late, tardy | pozdě, liknavě, opožděně |
forsar [fo:rsar] | at least, not less than | alespoň, přinejmenším |
hâneya [h\A:neja] | at most, only, just, merely, not more than | nanejvýš(e), maximálně |
besyor [besjo:r] | much, very | velmi, hodně, velice |
bištar [biStar] | more | více |
daksar [daksar] | most | nejvíce |
birâze [birA:ze] | little | trochu, málo |
komtar [komtar] | less | méně |
hurtar [h\urtar] | least | nejméně |
hadsar [h\atsar] | at most, only, just, merely, not more than | nanejvýš(e), maximálně |
haylin [h\ajlin] | enough, sufficiently | dost, dostatečně |
hârdika [h\A:rdika] | almost, nearly | téměř, skoro, málem |
sayod [sajo:d] | too much, excessively | nadmíru, přespříliš, příliš mnoho |
zekom [ze:kom] | too little, insufficiently | nedostatečně, příliš málo |
bala [bala:] | up | nahoře |
zera [zera:] | down | dole |
dišariya [dišari:ja] | away | daleko, pryč |
akaba [akaba] | back | nazpět, dozadu, zpět |
xalfana [xalfana:] | backward | dozadu, zpět |
sarbala [sarbala:] | forward, ahead | vpředu |
morâta [morA:ta] | again, re-, once more | znovu, opět, znova |
ralbana [ralbana:] | frequently, often | často |
nidarta [ni:darta] | seldom, rarely | zřídka, výjimečně |
dayma [dajma] | always | vždy, pokaždé, vždycky |
vohvân [voh\vA:n] | ever | kdy, vůbec kdy, někdy |
nahvân [nah\vA:n] | never | nikdy |
hemin [h\emin] | already | již, už |
taspara [taspara] | still, yet | stále, ještě, dosud |
sâmruz [sA:mru:z] | yesterday | včera |
vehruz [veh\ru:z] | today | dnes |
vohruz [voh\ru:z] | tomorrow | zítra |
kadar [kadar] | how much / many | kolik, jak mnoho |
dâvena [dA:vena] | long ago | dávno |
havoya [h\avo:ja] | recently | nedávno |
hâla [h\A:la] | now | nyní, teď, právě |
bezuda [bezu:da] | soon | brzy |
soi [so:j] | so | tak |
sarenja [sa:rendZa] | eventually | nakonec, časem |
moša [moSa] | soon | brzy |
šikra [Sikra:] | quickly, rapidly, swiftly | rychle, honem |
âhesta [A:h\esta] | slowly | pomalu |
sarvâta [sarvA:ta] | always | vždy |
prastuta [prastu:ta] | timely, prompt, on time | včas |
yavat [javat] | as long as, while, until | dokud, pokud |
P O S T P O S I T I O N S .&. P R E P O S I T I O N S
kum [kum] + instrumental | with | s |
avasna [avasna:] + accusative & instrumental | for | pro, za |
samarkan [samarkan] + dative | towards | ku, směrem k |
bilâha [bilA:h\a] + genitive | without | bez |
dolaya [do:laja] + dative | because of | kvůli |
sine [sine] + genitive | without | bez |
niceya [ni:tSeja] + instrumental | behind | za, vzadu |
albâta [albA:ta] + dative | about | o |
sâmuka [sA:muka] + accusative & instrumental | before | před, dříve, předtím |
pirama [pi:rama] + genitive | (a)round | kolem, okolo, dokola |
behara [beh\ara] + acusative & instrumental | above | nad, přes |
bayraze [bajraze:] + genitive | instead of | místo, namísto |
antara [antara] + accusative & instrumental | between; among | mezi |
sarsara [sarsara] + accusative | through | skrz, přes |
kirdine [kirdine] + genitive | according to | podle |
pešbera [peZbera:] + instrumental | across | napříč, přes |
himraha [h\imrah\a] + genitive & dative | along | po, podél |
arbâya [arbA:ja] + dative & instrumental | by | při, vedle, po, u, za |
utara [utara] + accusative & instrumental | under | pod |
bartara [bartara] + accusative & instrumental | over | nad, přes |
pasuze [pasu:ze] + dative & instrumental | after | po, potom |
âšatra [A:Satra] + genitive & dative | beside | vedle, u, při |
astesna [astesna] + genitive | except {~for} | vyjma, kromě |
badakra [badakra] + accusative & instrumental | above, over | nad, přes |
besuye [besu:je] + dative | to | do, k |
bâraye [bA:raje] + accusative & instrumental | for | pro, za |
šinare [Si:nare] + genitive | apart from | kromě |
aštara [aStara] + genitive | off, away from | pryč od, ven z |
višaya [vi:Saja] + dative | about | o, po |
ânasva [A:nasva] + accusative | past (beyond) | přes, více než |
dir [dir] + dative & accusative | in | v |
vorune [voru:ne] + dative | opposite | naproti |
frâma [frA:ma] + genitive | from | z, od |
bir [bir] + dative & accusative | on | na |
dartiye [darti:je] + genitive | during | za, během |
paroye [paro:je] + genitive & accusative | outside, out of, beyond | mimo, kromě |
pahluye [pah\lu:je] + dative | at | při, u |
darbara [darbara:] + dative | against | proti |
ravâye [ravA:je] + accusative & instrumental | above, over | nad, přes |
darpey [darpej] + accusative | for, on | až na, pro, na |
PREPOSITIONS (ONLY)
â [A:] | about | o |
in [in] | in | v |
ad [ad] | at | u, při |
pâ [pA:] | on | na |
su [su:] | under | pod |
dâ [dA:] | in | v |
di [di] | from | z, od |
an [an] | on | na |
ke [ke] | to | do, k |
im [im] | by, at | při, u, za, po |
beyn [bejn] | between | mezi (dvěma) |
epi [epi] | above | nad, přes |
mâ [mA:] | by, at | při, u, za, po |
ur [u:r] | from | z, od |
vi [vi] | from | z, od |
bâ [bA:] | with | s |
ante [ante] | before | před |
av [af] | from | z, od |
ora [ora] | at | u, při |
el [el] | towards | směrem k |
râ [rA:] | from | z, od |
sape [sape:] | under | pod |
C O N J U N C T I O N S
o [o] | and | a |
va [va] | and | a |
u [u:] [u] | and, too | i |
niro [niro:] | nor | ani |
ro [ro:] | or | nebo |
oro [oro:] | {&}or | anebo |
lâkina [lA:kina] | but | ale, avšak |
van [van] | when | když |
yašt [jaSt] | even if, even though | i když, byť, i kdyby |
kiram [ki:ram] | because, for | protože, neboť, poněvadž |
da [da] | that | že |
behoze [beh\oze:] | as soon as | jakmile, jen co |
yat [jat] | that | že |
zi [zi] | because, for | protože, neboť, poněvadž |
posqam [po:sGam] | when | když |
zirâ [zirA:] | because, for | protože, neboť, poněvadž |
garcâne [gartSA:ne] | although | ačkoliv, třebaže, i když |
lahâne [lah\A:ne] | so as | aby |
henuze [h\enu:ze] | but (still) | ještě, stále, přece |
qâ [GA:] | so as | aby |
nizrave [nizrave] | even though | přestože, i když |
cayed [tSa:jed] | as, like | jako |
kiruze [kiru:ze] | than | než |
yâtha [jA:tha] | so as | aby |
ki [ki] | if | jestliže, -li, když, kdyby |
daha … ro [dah\a ro:] | either … or | buď … nebo |
men [men] | but | ale, avšak |
bihariye [bih\ari:je] | though | ačkoli(v), i když |
lihan [lih\an] | so as | aby |
mânande [mA:nande] | as, like | jako, tak jako |
vale [vale:] | but | ale |
orpa [orpa] | as, like | jako |
P A R T I C L E S .&. I N T E R J E C T I O N S
e [e] | genitive case particle |
-i [i] | possessive particle |
-yi [ji] | possessive particle |
be [be] | dative case particle |
ru [ru:] | accusative case particle |
a [a] | instrumental case particle |
lâ [lA:] | optative clause particle |
ë [@\] | special (deposit) rhetorical particle |
yâ [jA:] | yes, I do {also used as adverb} |
aye [aje:] | yes, I do {also used as adverb} |
ya [ja] | yes, I do {also used as adverb} |
ore [o:re] | yes, I do {also used as adverb} |
nâ [nA:] | no |
nay [naj] | no |
naw [naw] | no |
yo [jo:] | indeed, absolutely, quite so, exactly |
na- [na] | not, un-, dis-, non-, in- |
noram [no:ram] | not |
oi [o:j] | oh (!) |
ow [ow] | oh (!) |
hây [h\A:j] | hey / hoy (!); hi (!); hail |
salom [salo:m] | hello / hi (!) |
âram [A:ram] | hello {~there} / hi (!) |
hoy [h\o:j] | hello / hi (!); cheers / bye-bye / cheerio (!) |
P H R A S E S
Ru behruzi [ru: beh\ru:zi]. | Good morning (day). |
Ru aramân an vey / tey [ru: aramA:n an vej / tej]! | Good morning (day). |
Ru behsubi [ru: behsu:bi]. | Good morning. |
Ru behmersuzi [ru: beh\mersu:zi]. | Good afternoon. |
Ru behervi [ru: beh\ervi]. | Good evening. |
Ru behnati [ru: beh\nati:]. | Good night. |
Šetur ve sey dârid [Setu:r ve sej dA:ri:d]? | How are you? |
Me savzid, beha sey dârid [me savzi:d beh\a sej dA:ri:d]. | I'm fine, thank you. |
Šaviye nâmeyi vey âst [Savi:je nA:meji vej A:st]? | What's your name? |
Šahdevü [Sah\dev1:]! | Welcome! |
Sidreyân [sidrejA:n]. | Good(-)bye. |
An vey / tey ru aramân [an vej / tej ru: aramA:n]! | Good(-)bye. |
Šaviye zemân hâla âst? [Savi:je zemA:n h\A:la A:st]? | What's the time now? |
Ru zevruzi bedâre [ru: zevru:zi bedA:re]! | Have a nice day! |
Ištarken ru vey zevisi âst [iStarken ru: vej ze:visi A:st]! | Nice to meet you. |
Vohumat manid [voh\umat mani:d]? | What does it mean? |
Me noram fehmid [me no:ram feh\mi:d]. | I don't understand. |
Me besyor be vey savzid [me besjo:r be vej savzi:d]. | Thank you very much. |
Engëlisa ve omarid [eng@\li:sa ve: omari:d]? | Do you speak English? |
Kadar bahâyi hey âst [kadar bah\A:ji h\ej A:st]? | How much does it cost? |
Bištar âhesta ve omarid [biStar A:h\esta ve: omari:d]? | Could you speak more slowly? |
Divara ve âst [divara ve: A:st]? | Where are you from? |
Nay, me be vey savzid [naj me: be vej savzi:d]. | No, thank you. |
Šetur he Engëlisa sey sayid [Setu:r h\e: Eng@\li:sa sej saji:d]? | How do you say this in English? |
Vad vehi âst [vad veh\i A:ast]? | What is this? |
Me ru tey ahavid [me ru: tej ah\avi:d]. | I love you. |
Šâdestân nahdad [SA:destA:n nah\dad]. | So so. |
Var âleyira kirvântahi âst [var A:lejira kirvA:ntah\i: A:st]? | Where is the nearest exchange? |
Var ve raven islemid [var ve: raven islemi:d]? | Where do you want to go? |
Hurma ve kudam istod [h\urma ve: ku:h\am isto:d]? | How long will you stay? |
Me besyor bërisi âst [me besjo:r b@\risi A:st]. | I am very hungry. |
Nay, me hic tëšnisi nist [naj me h\i:tS t@\Snisi ni:st]. | No, I am not thirsty at all. |
Vohdaw, ce Engëlisa omarid, dera âst [...omari:t dera A:st]? | Is there anyone who speaks English? |
Var istâdi e ruhâne âst [var istA:dije ruh\A:ne A:st]? | Where is the railway station? |
Var negari e informašun âst [var negari:je informaSu:n A:st]? | Where is the information office? |
Ne ha šrena cališen mastid [ne: ha Srena: tSa:liSen masti:t]. | We have to change the train. |
Var istâdi e basin âst [var istA:dije basin A:st]? | Where is the bus station? |
Hur biraha basin be Havířov besuye ravid [...havi:rof...]? | How often do the buses run to Havířov? |