V�TEJTE � WELCOME � �AHDEVU � VITAJTE � BRUCHIM HABAYIM � WITAJCIE � XO� �MADID � CHAIRE � V�LKOMMEN � SW�GATAM � VELKOMMEN � ZAYT VILKUM � HUAN YIN � F�ILTE � WILLKOMMEN � ENNA VISHAYAM � PARI YEGAK � ZAPRASHAJEM � VAELKOMIN � KALOS ORISATE � KOPIVOSIAN � TERVETULOA � WELKOM � KRUPAY� ATUY� � BENVENUTO � HOSGELDINIZ � PE KHER RAGLE � BIENVENIDA � LUID � SHAGATOM � IRASHAIMASU � VIDZA KORAM � DOBRODO�LI � WILICOM

THIS SITE USES THE CHARACTER ENCODING WINDOWS 1250

DARSENI A DAILEKTI E DAKSAR NAZDEGI E EURANSI EST

ALPHABET

ASPIRATED SOUNDS

OTHER SOUNDS

DIPHTHONGS

 

G R A M M A R

N O U N S

nation milyet [miljet] a nation milyetin [miljetin] nations
year s�le [sO:le] a year s�len [sO:len] years
law t�ra [tO:ra] a law t�ran [tO:ran] laws
spirit rav�n [ravO:n] a spirit rav�n�m [ravO:n6m] spirits
man man [man] a man m�n [m6n] men
body sarke [sarke:] a body sarken [sarken] bodies
newspaper ruzname [ru:zname] a newspaper ruznamen [ru:znamen] newspapers
human being ademi [a:demi:] a human being ademin [a:demin] people

CASE PARTICLES

CASE EXAMPLE (sg.) TRANSLATION (sg.) EXAMPLE (pl.) TRANSLATION (pl.)
nominative darya sea daryan seas
genitive e / i darya of sea e / i daryan of seas
dative ke darya to(wards) sea ke daryan to(wards) seas
accusative r� darya (the) sea r� daryan (the) seas
vocative � darya oh sea (!) � daryan oh seas (!)
locative d�r darya in / on sea d�r daryan in / on seas
instrumental a darya by sea a daryan by seas
ablative � / iz darya from sea � / iz daryan from seas

A D J E C T I V E S

COMPARISON + POSITIVE KOMPARATIVE + SUPERLATIVE +
good thing (1) reza i behine / behli reza i behtar reza i behtevi
good thing (2) reza i behine / behli reza i be�tar behine reza i daksar behine
COMPARISON - POSITIVE KOMPARATIVE - SUPERLATIVE -
good thing reza i behine / behli reza i komtar behine reza i hurtar behine

P R O N O U N S

  1st sg 2nd sg 3rd sg 1st pl 2nd pl 3rd pl
PERSONAL (1) me te he ne ve de
PERSONAL (2) mey tey hey ney vey dey
POSSESSIVE (1) -i mey -i tey -i hey -i ney -i vey -i dey
POSSESSIVE (2) e mey e tey e hey e ney e vey e dey
POSSESSIVE (3) m�t�r t�t�r h�t�r n�t�r v�t�r d�t�r

OTHER PRONOUNS

DARSENI ENGLISH CZECH
er [er] this / that ten
in [in] this, these tento, tito
an [a:n] that, those tamten, tamti
vehi [veh\i] this tento
vehin [veh\in] these tito
vohu [voh\u] that tamten
vohun [voh\un] those tamti
ensur [ensu:r] such takov�
m�sl�n [m1sl1n] the same (ten)t��
har [h\ar] each, every ka�d�
kul [kul] whole; all cel�, v�e(chen)
harva [h\arva] whole; all cel�, v�e(chen)
ce [tSe] who kdo
ci [tSi] what co
�e [Se] who kdo
�i [Si] what co
cehine [tSeh\ine] what a; which, what kind jak�
�ehine [Seh\ine] what a; which, what kind jak�
dehiye [deh\i:je] which kter�; jen�
cehiye [tSeh\i:je] whose ��
barxey [barxej] some n�jak�, n�kter�
h�rford [h\1rfort] somebody, someone n�kdo
rezah�r [rezah\1r] something n�co
harg�n [h\arg1n] any jak�koli(v), kter�koli(v)
hars�r [h\ars1r] anybody, anyone kdokoli(v)
hard�r [h\ard1r] anything cokoli(v)
hickey [h\itSkej] none ��dn�, nijak�
hicford [h\itSfort] nobody nikdo
hict�r [h\itSt1r] nothing nic
se(y) [se(j)] (one)self se, si
m�k�m [mE:k1m] with me se mnou
t�k�m [tE:k1m] with you {sg.} s tebou
h�k�m [h\E:k1m] with him s n�m
n�k�m [nE:k1m] with us s n�mi
v�k�m [vE:k1m] with you s v�mi
d�k�m [dE:k1m] with them s nimi
m�d�r [mE:d1r] in me ve mn�
t�d�r [tE:d1r] in you {sg.} v tob�
h�d�r [h\E:d1r] in him v n�m
n�d�r [nE:d1r] in us v n�s
v�d�r [vE:d1r] in you ve v�s
d�d�r [dE:d1r] in them v nich
mesuye [mesu:je] to me ke mn�
tesuye [tesu:je] to you {sg.} k tob�
hesuye [h\esu:je] to him k n�mu
nesuye [nesu:je] to us k n�m
vesuye [vesu:je] to you k v�m
desuye [desu:je] to them k nim
m�sine [mE:sine] without me beze mne
t�sine [tE:sine] without you {sg.} bez tebe
h�sine [h\E:sine] without him bez n�j / n�ho
n�sine [nE:sine] without us bez n�s
v�sine [vE:sine] without you bez v�s
d�sine [dE:sine] without them bez nich
birmey [birmej] on me na mn�
birtey [birtej] on you {sg.} na tob�
birhey [birh\ej] on him na n�m
birney [birnej] on us na n�s
birvey [birvej] on you na v�s
birdey [birdej] on them na nich

A R T I C L E S

They don't exist at all in this constructed language.

N U M E R A L S

NUMERAL CARDINAL ORDINAL
0 sef�r sefr�m
1 yek yek�m
2 dau dauh�m
3 sey seyh�m
4 ceh�r cehr�m
5 panj panj�m
6 �ast �ast�m
7 h�ft h�ft�m
8 ha�t ha�t�m
9 noi noih�m
10 dest dest�m
11 yek�une yegun�m
12 dauhune dauhun�m
13 seyhune seyhun�m
14 cehrune cehrun�m
15 panjune panjun�m
16 �astune �astun�m
17 h�ftune h�ftun�m
18 ha�tune ha�tun�m
19 noihune noihun�m
20 daudest daudest�m
30 seydest seydest�m
40 cehdest cehdest�m
50 panjest panjest�m
60 �asdest �asdest�m
70 h�fdest h�fdest�m
80 ha�dest ha�dest�m
90 noidest noidest�m
97 noidest-h�ft noidest-h�ft�m
100 sat�m satm�m
1 000 hez�r hezr�m
1 000 000 �astra �astray�m
1 000 000 000 noitra noitray�m

GENERIC NUMERALS: -(e)jayim {�astejayim, noihunjayim, ha�destejayim}
MULTIPLICATION: -(e)siyan {h�ftesiyan, dauhunsiyan, satmesiyan}

Cardinal: 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 � Ordinal: 0. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. � Generic: 0n 1n 2n3n 4n 5n 6n 7n 8n 9n � Multiplication: 0� 1� 2� 3� 4� 5� 6� 7� 8� 9�

V E R B S

a) Irregular verb E S T U N = to be :

PAST TENSE bad [ba:t]
PRESENT TENSE est [est]
FUTURE TENSE erv [erf]
INFINITIVE MOOD estun [estun]
CONJUNCTIVE MOOD b�ye [bO:je]
CONDITIONAL MOOD v�dam bad [vE:dam ba:t]
IMPERATIVE MOOD bud [bu:t]
PAST TRANSGRESSIVE bade [ba:de]
PRESENT TRANSGRESSIVE esta [esta]
FUTURE TRANSGRESSIVE aresta [aresta]
VERBAL NOUN este [este]

b) Irregular verb N I S T U N = not to be :

PAST TENSE navad [navat]
PRESENT TENSE nist [ni:st]
FUTURE TENSE narv [narf]
INFINITIVE MOOD nistun [ni:stun]
CONJUNCTIVE MOOD na:ye [na:je]
CONDITIONAL MOOD v�dam navad [vE:dam nava:t]
IMPERATIVE MOOD nabud [nabu:t]
PAST TRANSGRESSIVE navade [nava:de]
PRESENT TRANSGRESSIVE nista [ni:sta]
FUTURE TRANSGRESSIVE naresta [na:resta]
VERBAL NOUN niste [ni:ste]

c) Irregular verb D � R U N = to have :

PAST TENSE d�rad [dO:rat]
PRESENT TENSE d�rid [dO:ri:t]
FUTURE TENSE kuham d�rid [ku:h\am dO:ri:t]
INFINITIVE MOOD d�run [dO:run]
CONJUNCTIVE MOOD bed�re [bedO:re]
CONDITIONAL MOOD v�dam d�rad [vE:dam dO:rat]
IMPERATIVE MOOD d�rev� [dO:rev1:]
PAST TRANSGRESSIVE d�raya [dO:raja]
PRESENT TRANSGRESSIVE med�ra [medO:ra]
FUTURE TRANSGRESSIVE d�rarva [dO:rarva]
VERBAL NOUN da�te [daSte]

d) Irregular verb N A D � R U N = not to have :

PAST TENSE nad�rad [nadO:rat]
PRESENT TENSE nad�rid [nadO:ri:t]
FUTURE TENSE kuham nad�rid [ku:h\am nadO:ri:t]
INFINITIVE MOOD nad�run [nadO:run]
CONJUNCTIVE MOOD nad�re [nadO:re]
CONDITIONAL MOOD v�dam nad�rad [vE:dam nadO:rat]
IMPERATIVE MOOD nad�rev� [nadO:rev1:]
PAST TRANSGRESSIVE nad�raya [nadO:raja]
PRESENT TRANSGRESSIVE named�ra [namedO:ra]
FUTURE TRANSGRESSIVE nad�rarva [nadO:rarva]
VERBAL NOUN nada�te [na:daSte]

e) Regular verb K E R D U N = to do / make :

PAST TENSE kerdad [kerdat]
PRESENT TENSE kerdid [kerdi:t]
FUTURE TENSE kuham kerd [ku:h\am kert]
INFINITIVE MOOD kerdun [kerdun]
CONJUNCTIVE MOOD bekerde [bekerde]
CONDITIONAL MOOD v�dam kerdad [vE:dam kerdat]
IMPERATIVE MOOD kerdev� [kerdev1:]
PAST TRANSGRESSIVE kerdaya [kerdaja]
PRESENT TRANSGRESSIVE mikerda [mi:kerda]
FUTURE TRANSGRESSIVE kerdarva [kerdarva]
VERBAL NOUN kerde [kerde]
PAST PARTICIPLE ACTIVE kerdim� [kerdimE:]
PRESENT PARTICIPLE ACTIVE mikerdavi [mi:kerdavi:]
FUTURE PARTICIPLE ACTIVE kerdari [kerdari:]
PAST PARTICIPLE PASSIVE kerdiye [kerdi:je]
PRESENT PARTICIPLE PASSIVE kerdasi [kerdasi:]
FUTURE PARTICIPLE PASSIVE kerdarsi [kerdarsi:]

f) Regular verb N A K E R D U N = not to do / make :

PAST TENSE nakerdad [na:kerdat]
PRESENT TENSE nakerdid [na:kerdi:t]
FUTURE TENSE kuham nakerd [ku:h\am na:kert]
INFINITIVE MOOD nakerdun [na:kerdun]
CONJUNCTIVE MOOD nakerde [na:kerde]
CONDITIONAL MOOD vedam nakerdad [vE:dam na:kerdat]
IMPERATIVE MOOD nakerdev� [na:kerdev1:]
PAST TRANSGRESSIVE nakerdaya [na:kerdaja]
PRESENT TRANSGRESSIVE namikerda [nami:kerda]
FUTURE TRANSGRESSIVE nakerdarva [na:kerdarva]
VERBAL NOUN nakerde [na:kerde]
PAST PARTICIPLE ACTIVE nakerdim� [na:kerdimE:]
PRESENT PARTICIPLE ACTIVE nakerdavi [na:kerdavi:]
FUTURE PARTICIPLE ACTIVE nakerdari [na:kerdari:]
PAST PARTICIPLE PASSIVE nakerdiye [na:kerdi:je]
PRESENT PARTICIPLE PASSIVE nakerdasi [na:kerdasi:]
FUTURE PARTICIPLE PASSIVE nakerdarsi [na:kerdarsi:]

CHOSEN REGULAR VERBS

mastun to have to / must muset
sidrun to see vid�t
morun to be allowed / may moci, sm�t
nayzun to need pot�ebovat
danun to know zn�t, um�t, v�d�t
�avun to become / happen st�t se
ist�dun to stay z�stat
holdun to hold dr�et
s�dun to sit sed�t
sabrun to wait �ekat
fekrun to think myslet
ravun to go jet
gorvun to change (z)m�nit
omarun to speak mluvit
xostun to want cht�t
ne�tun to write ps�t
evasun to drink p�t
xordun to eat j�st
fyadun to walk j�t
girun to give d�(va)t
sovun to sleep sp�t
ge�tun to get dostat
parzun to come p�ij�t, p�ich�zet
y�r�un to forgive prominout
ba�un to exist b�t, existovat
lamsun to feel (po)c�tit
omidun to hope doufat
ahavun to love milovat
a�navun to meet setkat / potkat se
sarayun to praise chv�lit, dobro�e�it
sorudun to sing zp�vat

ADVERBS

zey�d [zejO:d] also, additionally, too
partam [pa:rtam] apart, separately
vehjaye [veh\dZaje] here
�etur [Setu:r] how
��yad [SO:jad] maybe, perhaps, possibly
fatam [faGtam] only, solely, exclusively
vohjaye [voh\dZaje] there
beiham [be:jh\am] together
hur [h\ur] how
van [van] when
var [va:r] where
lama [lama] why
largam [largam] far
nazdikam [nazdikam] near
vatam [vaGtam] early, premature
nasega [na:sega] late, tardy
f�rsar [fO:rsar] at least, not less than
hadsar [h\atsar] at most, only, just, merely, not more than
besy�r [besjO:r] much, very
be�tar [beStar] more
daksar [daksar] most
biraze [biraze:] little
komtar [komtar] less
hurtar [h\urtar] least
haylin [h\ajlin] enough, sufficiently
hardika [h\a:rdika] almost, nearly
say�d [sajO:d] too much, excessively
z�kom [zE:kom] too little, insufficiently
bala [bala:] up
zera [zera:] down
di�ariya [di�ari:ja] away
akhaba [akhaba:] back
xalfana [xalfana:] backward
sarbala [sarbala:] forward, ahead
morata [mora:ta] again, re-, once more
ralbana [ralba:na] frequently, often
n�darta [nE:darta] seldom, rarely
dayma [dajma:] always
vohvan [voh\va::n] ever
nahvan [nah\va::n] never
h�min [h\E:min] already
taspara [taspara] still, yet
samruz [samru:z] yesterday
vehruz [veh\ru:z] today
vohruz [voh\ru:z] tomorrow
kadar [kadar] how much / many
davena [da:vena] long ago
hav�ya [h\avO:ja] recently
h�la [h\O:la] now
bez�da [bezO:da] soon
soi [so:j] so
sarenja [sa:rendZa] eventually
�ekram [Sekram] quickly, rapidly, swiftly
ahesta [a:h\esta] slowly
sarvata [sarva::ta] always
prestuta [prestu:ta] timely, prompt, on time

 

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